Syphilis

-

 Syphilis

It is classified sexually transmitted disease. It is a chronic systemic infection caused by Treponema pallidum. The incubation period is 2-4 weeks. 
It runs a long course interspersed with stages of florid clinical features and long periods of latency. It may be congenital ( transmitted by the mother with early acquired syphilis to the foetus) or acquired during life by sexual contact. 

High Risk Persons

  • Men in age group of 28-35 years
  • Women in age group of 16-25 years
  • Travellers
  • Sailors, sadhus, saints
  • Prostitutes and homosexuals
  • Army service personnel
  • Entertainers

Modes of Transmission

  • Sexual contact including oral sex
  • Nonsexual contact, e.g. violent kiss
  • Transfusion of blood or its products
  • Transplacental-- mother to foetus causing congenital syphilis

Classification of syphilis

Congenital syphilis

Early 
Late

Acquired syphilis

1- Early 
(a) Primary syphilis
(b) secndary syphilis
2- Latent (WHO) 
(a) Early ( less than 1 year) 
(b) Late ( more than 1 year) 
3- Late 
(a) Tertiary ( benign gummatous) 
(b) Quarternary ( cardiovascular and neurosyphilis ) 

Tertiary

Benign gummatous
Cardiovascular and neurosyphilis

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

list of infections 2019

-
Image
Diseases due to infections Infection is caused by living microbes can involve any organ or system of body. Infections diseases are the commonest afflictions of human and are major source of morbidity in both developed and developing countries. The most important aspects of infection include: easy identifiability, sensitivity to antibiotics, communicability, transmission to other people leading to an epidemic and many infections are preventable either by hygienic measeres or by vaccines or by judicious use of drugs. Types of infection  Bacterial infection Protozoal infection Viral infection Spirochaetal infection Rickettsial infection Nematode (helminthic) infection Cestode infection Trematode ( fluke ) infection  Systemic fungal infecton 1- Bacterial Infectio Infection by gram-positive cocci e.g. staphylococcal, streptococcal Infrction by gram-negative cocci e.g. meningococcal, gonococcal Infection by Gram-positive bacilli e.g. corynrbacterium...
Read more

list of infections Giardiasis

-
GIARDIASIS Giardia lambia is an intestinal flagellate, produce small intestinal disease that varies from asymptomatic stage to diarrhoea and malabsorption. It is an important cause of traveller's diarrhoea, usually occurs on return from travel. Life cycle The infection is transmitted by ingestion of viable cysts of the parasite in food or water. Cysts are transported to yhe mouth by fingers as a result of contact with faeces. Clinical features Incubation period is 1-3 weeks. After incubation period, patient presents with diarrhoea, abdominal pain, weakness, anorexia, nausea and vomiting. On examination, there is abdominal distension and tenderness. If the illness is prolonged, weight loss may occur. Chronic giardiasis can result in growth retardation in children. Diagnosis Stools obtained at 2-3 days intetvals should be examined for cysts and trophozoites. Negative stool examination does not rule out the diagnosis since the parasite may be ex...
Read more

Cholera

-
             Cholera Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal infection caused by ingestion of food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. There are many serogroups of V. cholerae, but only two – O1 and O139 – cause outbreaks. Mode of Transmission • Through faecally contaminated water, food or drinks  • Direct person to-person contact, especially in overcrowded, low sanitation settings, also add to transmission of infection. Signs and Symptoms • Incubation period is from few hours to five days; commonly one-two days  • Typical cases are characterized by sudden onset of profuse, efortless, watery diarrhea followed by vomiting, increased thirst, rapid dehydration, muscular cramps and suppression of urine  • In non-outbreak situations, Cholera may present as simple gastroenteritis or as watery diarrhea  • In an endemic situation, there could be many mild or asymptomatic cases or carriers Complications • Dehydration...
Read more